A Brief History of Herons (Kokokan)

Petulu is a village in Ubud, Bali, known for its serene environment and the unique presence of thousands of herons, which have made the village their home. The history of Petulu and its significance is intertwined with local beliefs, cultural practices, and natural phenomena.

Historical and Cultural Background

Origins:

• Traditional Balinese Village: Petulu, like many villages in Bali, has deep roots in traditional Balinese culture and practices. The village structure and daily life are centered around communal activities, religious ceremonies, and agriculture.
• Agriculture: Historically, the villagers of Petulu have been involved in rice farming, a key aspect of Balinese rural life. The lush rice paddies surrounding the village contribute to its picturesque landscape.

The Arrival of the Herons:

• 1965 Massacre Aftermath: In the aftermath of the 1965 anti-communist purge in Indonesia, many Balinese were killed, including in the Ubud area. The traumatic event led to widespread fear and unrest.
• Mysterious Arrival: In November 1965, soon after these tragic events, thousands of herons (kokokan) mysteriously started arriving in Petulu. The birds come every evening to roost in the trees and depart at dawn.

Spiritual Significance:

• Symbolic Interpretation: The villagers interpreted the arrival of the herons as a sign of peace and protection from the spirits of those who had died during the massacres. The herons were seen as the embodiment of the souls of the deceased.
• Ceremonies and Offerings: To honor the herons and ensure their continued presence, the villagers began performing rituals and making offerings. These practices are meant to show respect and maintain harmony between the human and spiritual worlds.

Current Day Petulu:

• Tourist Attraction: Today, Petulu is known for the heron phenomenon, attracting visitors who come to witness the evening arrival of the birds. The sight of thousands of herons flying in to roost is a unique natural spectacle.
• Conservation Efforts: The villagers take measures to protect the herons and their habitat. This includes efforts to preserve the trees where the herons roost and maintaining the environmental conditions conducive to their presence.
• Cultural Practices: The cultural and spiritual practices related to the herons continue, with the villagers holding ceremonies and making offerings to honor the birds and the spirits they represent.

Conclusion:

Petulu’s history is marked by its transformation from a typical Balinese village to a site of spiritual significance due to the mysterious arrival of the herons. The village’s efforts to honor and protect these birds reflect the deep connection between Balinese culture, spirituality, and the natural world. Visitors to Petulu not only get to witness a unique natural event but also gain insight into the rich cultural and spiritual traditions of Bali.